Arduino内置教程-通讯-物理像素

简介

• 这个例子示范了怎么用Arduino或者Genuino开发板来接受来自电脑的数据。当接受到字符“H”时，开发板打开LED；而接受到字符“L”时，开发板关闭LED灯。
• 数据从Arduino IDE串口监视器或者其他类似Processing，Flash，PD，Max/MSP之类的程序发送。

硬件要求

• Arduino or Genuino 开发板
• LED (可选择)
• 220欧姆电阻

软件要求

• Processing 或者 Max/MSP version 5

电路

很多Arduino和Genuino开发板有一个连接到pin13的内置LED灯。如果你的开发板没有内置LED灯，连接一个额外的LED灯到pin13。长腿或者阳极，通过一个220 ohm电阻连接到pin13。短腿或者阴极，连接到地。

原理图

样例代码

const int ledPin = 13; // the pin that the LED is attached to
int incomingByte;      // a variable to read incoming serial data into

void setup() {
  // initialize serial communication:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  // initialize the LED pin as an output:
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // see if there's incoming serial data:
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    // read the oldest byte in the serial buffer:
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
    // if it's a capital H (ASCII 72), turn on the LED:
    if (incomingByte == 'H') {
      digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
    }
    // if it's an L (ASCII 76) turn off the LED:
    if (incomingByte == 'L') {
      digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
    }
  }
}

/* Processing code for this example

 // mouseover serial

 // Demonstrates how to send data to the Arduino I/O board, in order to
 // turn ON a light if the mouse is over a square and turn it off
 // if the mouse is not.

 // created 2003-4
 // based on examples by Casey Reas and Hernando Barragan
 // modified 30 Aug 2011
 // by Tom Igoe
 // This example code is in the public domain.



 import processing.serial.*;

 float boxX;
 float boxY;
 int boxSize = 20;
 boolean mouseOverBox = false;

 Serial port;

 void setup() {
 size(200, 200);
 boxX = width/2.0;
 boxY = height/2.0;
 rectMode(RADIUS);

 // List all the available serial ports in the output pane.
 // You will need to choose the port that the Arduino board is
 // connected to from this list. The first port in the list is
 // port #0 and the third port in the list is port #2.
 // if using Processing 2.1 or later, use Serial.printArray()
 println(Serial.list());

 // Open the port that the Arduino board is connected to (in this case #0)
 // Make sure to open the port at the same speed Arduino is using (9600bps)
 port = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);

 }

 void draw()
 {
 background(0);

 // Test if the cursor is over the box
 if (mouseX > boxX-boxSize && mouseX < boxX+boxSize &&
 mouseY > boxY-boxSize && mouseY < boxY+boxSize) {
 mouseOverBox = true;
 // draw a line around the box and change its color:
 stroke(255);
 fill(153);
 // send an 'H' to indicate mouse is over square:
 port.write('H');
 }
 else {
 // return the box to it's inactive state:
 stroke(153);
 fill(153);
 // send an 'L' to turn the LED off:
 port.write('L');
 mouseOverBox = false;
 }

 // Draw the box
 rect(boxX, boxY, boxSize, boxSize);
 }


 */

/*
Max/MSP version 5 patch to run with this example:

----------begin_max5_patcher----------
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HQmlzh9eu7gjsjsEk7y0oWjiHoHm4aluYHGlueUmtiDuPy5B9Cv8fNc99Uc5
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.P0K+3peBt3NskC
-----------end_max5_patcher-----------


 */

Processing 代码

从上面的样例代码里复制processing代码。随着你鼠标经过中心方块区域，pin13上的LED灯应该会打开和关闭。processing的小程序看起来像这样：

鼠标经过中心方块区域来使LED灯打开和关闭

Max patch

Max/MSP patch看起来像下面的图案。从上面的样例代码复制，然后粘贴到一个新的patch窗口