随机数发生器

简介

这是一个使用8×8 LED矩阵和Arduino的随机数发生器。它可在1到60之间调节，还具备定时器播放模式。

该器件是一个随机数发生器，采用8×8 LED矩阵，由Arduino驱动。

它完全可调，工作范围为1至60。

装配非常简单，该装置可用于需要一组随机数的许多应用中。

主要有两种操作模式：

模式1：随机生成（N =种群大小，n =样本大小）。

模式2：绘图计时器（1到60秒）。

步骤一 材料准备

硬件准备：

arduino uno

led 驱动器max7219

按钮开关

面包板

杜邦线

软件准备：

arduino IDE

步骤二 电路搭建

步骤三 编写程序

/*

   Project:   Random Number Generator

   Author:    LAGSILVA

   Hardware:  Arduino UNO-R3, MAX72XX LED Matrix (8x8)

   Date:      20.Jul.2019

   Revision:  2.0

   License:   CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

              (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International)

*/



#include                  // Library for LED Display - MAX72XX



// Global Variables

byte pDown = 10, pUp = 9, pMode = 8;

String shuffleDezenas, dezenas;

byte row, col, mode = 3;

byte btnMode, btnUp, btnDown;

byte totGrupo = 6, totDez = 60;

float timer = 1;

unsigned long ti, tf;



/*

  Pin numbers of Arduino to be connected into MAX72XX (LED Matrix controlled by MAX72XX)

  pin 5 is connected to the DataIn (DIN)

  pin 6 is connected to LOAD (CS)

  pin 7 is connected to the CLK (CLK)

*/



LedControl lc = LedControl(5, 7, 6, 1); // LedControl(int dataPin, int clkPin, int csPin, int numDevices)





void setup() {



  pinMode(pUp, INPUT_PULLUP);

  pinMode(pDown, INPUT_PULLUP);

  pinMode(pMode, INPUT_PULLUP);



  // Setup of Display "0"

  lc.shutdown(0, false);                // Wakeup Display "0"

  lc.setIntensity(0, 8);                // Set the Brightness of Display (0 to 15)

  lc.clearDisplay(0);                   // Clear Display "0" (Hour)



  randomSeed(analogRead(A1));

  numbers();



}





void shuffle() {            // Shuffling routine

  byte k, n;

  String tempSeq = dezenas;

  shuffleDezenas = "";

  for (k = 0; k < totGrupo; k++) {

    n = random(tempSeq.length() / 2);

    shuffleDezenas = shuffleDezenas + tempSeq.substring(n * 2 , n * 2 + 2);

    tempSeq.remove(n * 2, 2);

  }

}





void numbers() {          // Numbers to be drawn

  dezenas = "";

  for (byte k = 1; k <= totDez; k++) {

    if (k < 10) {

      dezenas = dezenas + "0" + k;

    }

    else {

      dezenas = dezenas + k;

    }

  }

}





void plot(byte tot) {

  byte row, col;

  if (tot > 4) {

    row = (12 - tot % 8) % 8;

    col = (tot + 3) / 8;

  }

  else {

    row = 6 - tot;

    col = 0;

  }

  lc.setLed(0, row, col, true);

}





void loop() {



  btnMode = digitalRead(pMode);

  btnUp = digitalRead(pUp);

  btnDown = digitalRead(pDown);



  if (btnMode == LOW) {

    mode = (mode + 1) % 4;            // Modes: 0 (N = Population Size)) / 1 (n = Sample Size) / 2 (Manual Draw)) / 3 (Timer of Draw)

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    if (mode <= 1) {

      lc.setLed(0, 7 - mode, 0, true);

    } else {

      lc.setLed(0, 3 - mode, 0, true);

    }

    delay(150);

    if (mode == 0) {

      plot(totDez);

    }

    if (mode == 1) {

      plot(totGrupo);

    }

  }



  if (mode == 0 && btnUp == LOW) {    // Mode 0: Setup of Population (Increase mode)

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 7, 0, true);

    totDez += 1;

    if (totDez > 60) {

      totDez = 1;

    }

    plot(totDez);

    numbers();

    delay(150);

  }



  if (mode == 0 && btnDown == LOW) {  // Mode 0: Setup of Population Size (Decrease mode)

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 7, 0, true);

    totDez -= 1;

    if (totDez < 1) {

      totDez = 60;

    }

    plot(totDez);

    numbers();

    delay(150);

  }



  if (mode == 1 && btnUp == LOW) {    // Mode 1: Setup of Sample Size (Increase mode)

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 6, 0, true);

    totGrupo += 1;

    if (totGrupo > 60) {

      totGrupo = 1;

    }

    plot(totGrupo);

    delay(150);

  }



  if (mode == 1 && btnDown == LOW) {  // Mode 1: Setup of Sample Size (Decrease mode)

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 6, 0, true);

    totGrupo -= 1;

    if (totGrupo < 1) {

      totGrupo = 60;

    }

    plot(totGrupo);

    delay(150);

  }



  if (mode == 2 && (btnUp == LOW || btnDown == LOW)) {    // Mode 2: Manual Draw of Number

    for (byte s = 1; s <= 20; s++) {

      lc.clearDisplay(0);

      lc.setLed(0, 1, 0, true);

      shuffle();

      for (byte k = 0; k < totGrupo; k++) {

        byte dez = (shuffleDezenas.substring(k * 2, k * 2 + 2)).toInt();

        plot(dez);

      }

      delay(25);

    }

  }



  if (mode == 3 && btnUp == LOW) {      // Mode 3: Increase the time lapse

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 0, 0, true);

    timer += 1;

    if (timer > 60) {

      timer = 0;

    }

    plot(timer);

    delay(150);

    ti = millis();

  }



  if (mode == 3 && btnDown == LOW) {    // Mode 3: Decrease the time lapse

    lc.clearDisplay(0);

    lc.setLed(0, 0, 0, true);

    timer -= 1;

    if (timer < 0) {

      timer = 60;

    }

    plot(timer);

    delay(150);

    ti = millis();

  }



  if (mode == 3) {                      // Automatic draw of numbers by timer

    if (timer == 0) {

      timer = 0.050;

    }

    tf = millis() - ti;

    if (tf >= timer * 1000) {

      lc.clearDisplay(0);

      lc.setLed(0, 0, 0, true);

      shuffle();

      for (byte k = 0; k < totGrupo; k++) {

        byte dez = (shuffleDezenas.substring(k * 2, k * 2 + 2)).toInt();

        plot(dez);

        ti = millis();

      }

    }

  }



}

步骤四 验证结果

完成以后连接图如上，运行起来如封面可以正常生成随机数，可以实现相应的模式。

完整程序下载